Matosinhos / Leça da Palmeira zıpkınla balık avı — rüzgâr, dalga, görüş, gelgit ve canlı kameralar

• Robalo (levrek)en az 36 cm
  <4 m · çekilme sonu → kabarma başı · şafak/alacakaranlık
  Ana hedef. Işıktan kaçar — erken/alacakaranlık zamanlarını seç.
• Sargo (sargoz)en az 17 cm
  1–5 m · kabarma (dalgayla resife çıkar) · şafak
  Baskın resif hedefi. Görüş, günün saatinden daha önemlidir.
• Dourada (çipura)en az 19 cm
  1–4 m · kum/yosun üzerinde kabarma · şafak
  Çok ürkek — sabit pusu.
• Salemaen az 18 cm
  0–2 m · — · gündüz
  0–6 m'de en kolay hedef. ⚠️ Baş/iç organları YEMEYİN (ihtiyosarkotoksizm).
• Tainha (kefal)en az 20 cm
  0–2 m · — · —
  Aşırı ürkek; bulanık su onu ENGELLER. Fırsatçı, sakin koylarda.
• Corvina (sarıağız)en az 42 cm
  1–6 m (marjinal) · — · alacakaranlık
  Tejo ağzına yakın, Guincho kayalarında DEĞİL. Erişkinler çoğunlukla 5–75 m'de. ⚠️ KAPALI 1–30 Haziran (defeso).
• Santola (ayı yengeci)en az 12 cm
  1–10 m · alçak su (resif platosu açıkta) · sakin sabah (≤2 bofor)
  Kabuk ≥12 cm. Zirve Tem–Ağu. KAPALI 15.02–15.06. Limit 2 kg/gün.

• ✓Spearfishing licence required (16+), daily/monthly/annual (~€25/yr). Speargun = licence required.
• ✓Hand-gathering shellfish with NO gear — no licence; but if a speargun is on the dive, a spearfishing licence is required.
• ✓Night prohibited: spearfishing only in daylight (sunset→sunrise not allowed). Artificial light as a means of finding/attracting fish is banned — a torch for safety only.
• ✓Signalling buoy MANDATORY for spearfishing: buoy/float with an «Alfa» flag (red/orange/yellow, ≥8 L), no more than 30 m from the diver.
• ✓Spearfishing daily limit: fish + cephalopods — 15 kg (excluding the largest specimen). General rod-and-line recreational fishing — 10 kg.
• ✓Invertebrates (including spider crab) — 2 kg/day total.
• ✓Spider crab: min. carapace 12 cm; defeso (closed season) 15.02–15.06 — applies to recreational gathering too.
• ✓Min. sizes: robalo 36 cm, sargo 17 cm, dourada 19 cm, choupa 23 cm, corvina 42 cm; octopus 750 g.
• ✓Grouper — fully protected, may not be taken.

• ⛔ Grouper (Epinephelus) — fully protected, capture PROHIBITED.
• ⛔ Seahorses (Hippocampus) — protected.

Rules change. Before heading out, check with DGRM / ICNF / Capitania and the defeso table.

• Sets: watch the wave trains ≥15 min before entering; Hmax ≈ 2×Hs, the wash can run 50 m past the foam line. A lull >10 min with period >12 s = a big set «overdue», do NOT enter; enter right after a full set passes and re-check at minute 30.
• Exit FIRST: find your exit AND a backup before entering. At Cabo Raso/Arriba a 0.5 m rise in swell makes a boulder exit impossible — getting pinned/unable to climb out is the main killer here.
• Headland rip: at Cabo Raso there is a permanent topographic rip regardless of the model — locate it, enter/exit on the windward side, never swim against it.
• Cold: wetsuit per the SST chip; the first shiver = a metabolic surge and a drop in breath-hold → get out at the first steady shiver. Cap the session at 45–60 min below 15 °C.
• Solo discipline: buoy up; tell someone the spot and exit time; conservative breath-hold (never push it in cold/murky/surfy water); visibility <3 m — don't enter.
• Nortada (Jun–Sep): wind builds from midday — be out of the water by ~11:00; the chop builds — get out.
• UV 11:00–15:00 (UVI ≥6): sunscreen and cover up on the surface interval.
• Solo is a fundamental risk (hypoxic blackout with no buddy). Any doubt = No-go.